Clinical Laboratory DX Exam 2 Practice

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• Indirect and rough measure of renal function and GFR
• Which hormones are essential for the maturation of the central nervous system and pain sensitivity?
• ALT elevation in obstructive jaundice is typically categorized as which level?
• If TSI levels are normal, which autoimmune thyroid condition is suggested?
• If leukocyte esterase is present in urine, what is the term used to describe the presence of leukocytes in urine?
• Which component is listed as a factor related to lipoproteins and cardiovascular risk?
• Hepatic panel components(7)
• Rotor's syndrome results in increased direct bilirubin.
• Which marker is used to monitor therapy in cancer and prognosis, particularly for GI or breast cancers?
• Which of the following are interfering factors of toxicology urine tests?
• Drug overdose and poisoning tests are best performed on which specimen?
• Algorithm factors for creatinine clearance include which of the following?
• Bright yellow urine color is typically due to supplementation with which vitamins?
• What is the protein responsible for binding thyroid hormones in the circulation?
• Which marker is described as being normally found in fetal gut tissue and is used as a tumor marker?
• Renal panel components
• Which parameter adjusts total T4 readings for variations in thyroid-binding serum proteins?
• Which nonmalignant condition can elevate CA 19-9?
• Proteinuria should NOT be present in a normal urinalysis.
• Nitrites in urine are used to detect which condition?
• CRP is useful in the detection of which condition?
• Which condition is listed as a cause of decreased LDL/VLDL?
• Which of the following is a liver pathology that can lead to increased LDL/VLDL?
• Which statement about hyaline casts is true?
• Failure of CRP to normalize may indicate which of the following?
• Which of the following are treatments for elevated homocysteine?
• Which endocrine disorder is associated with increased LDL/VLDL?
• Increased T3 and T4 from ectopic thyroid tissue in the ovary is which condition?
• Which biomarker is most commonly elevated in ovarian cancer detection?
• Increased calcitonin levels are characteristic of which cancer?
• Which statement about bilirubin is true?
• Which autoimmune neuromuscular disease is listed in the material?
• AST levels become elevated after cell injury; the peak occurs at 24-36 hours and return to normal in 3-7 days. Which timing option is correct?
• Which patient group is most likely to benefit from a ketogenic diet (ketosis)?
• Leukocyte esterase testing in urine is used to detect what?
• Specific gravity measures which property of urine?
• Which condition among the following is associated with increased cholesterol levels?
• Increased HCG can be seen in hydatidiform mole, choriocarcinoma, germ cell tumors, and which of the following conditions?
• Which marker is used to monitor breast cancer, often measured as part of surveillance?
• Which antigen system is used for tissue compatibility and paternity testing?
• Which statement about anti-CCP positivity is true?
• Which of the following is not listed as a thyroid test described in the material?
• Which antibody test is commonly positive in Hashimoto's thyroiditis?
• Bence Jones protein is found in what percentage of MM patients?
• Hematuria could indicate damage to which structures?
• Uric acid stones are associated with acidic urine.
• Which form of thyroxine is metabolically active?
• ______ specific gravity indicates concentrated urine.
• Which of the following is a natural option for lowering Lp(a)?
• Which marker is used for screening early detection of prostatic cancer?
• Which parameter corrects for changes in thyroid binding serum proteins that can affect total T4 levels?
• Bence Jones protein is used to detect and monitor which disease?
• Which marker is used to diagnose pregnancy and monitor high-risk pregnancies?
• Which thyroid condition is characterized by lymphocytic infiltration of the thyroid?
• In autoimmune thyroid disease, which marker is elevated in Graves disease?
• Which of the following is NOT listed as a contributor to increased oxidized LDL?
• HLA antigens are used for which purposes?
• Which of the following is listed as a cause of increased creatinine?
• Urine crystals are most suggestive of imminent what?
• Which HLA allele is associated with both celiac disease and type 1 diabetes?
• Which renal pathology can cause increased TAGs?
• Which urinalysis finding is most indicative of ketosis?
• Glucosuria is commonly seen with which condition?
• Gammopathies have what effect on a lipid panel?
• Fatty casts are associated with which condition?
• ALT elevations in which pattern are described as mild?
• Which lab value is common to hyperthyroidism, suppressive doses of thyroid meds, and factitious hyperthyroidism?
• In primary hypothyroidism such as Hashimoto's disease or myxedema, which change in TSH is expected?
• Which finding is most specific for a kidney infection?
• Which marker is useful in detecting ovarian cancer?
• Which HIV type is primarily found in West Africa?
• Which tumor marker is commonly elevated in both GI and breast cancers and can be affected by inflammation and smoking?
• An elevated TSI level is most closely associated with which disease?
• Elevations of CA-27-29 and CA-15-3 are most commonly associated with which clinical scenario?
• Which of the following are interfering factors of toxicology urine tests?
• Increased 5' Nucleotidase is associated with which hepatic condition or process?
• Which condition is most commonly associated with anti-CCP antibodies?
• Uric acid crystals in urine are typically found in patients with elevated serum uric acid, such as which condition?
• Statins can raise ___________ levels in people who have statin induced muscle pain
• Normal PSA level is less than what value?
• In tertiary hypothyroidism, which hormone is deficient?
• Granular casts are formed by disintegration of cellular material into granular particles within a WBC or epithelial cell cast.
• Which sign is typical of acute kidney failure?
• Which antibodies are elevated in Hashimoto's thyroiditis and lymphocytic thyroiditis in children/young adults?
• Which marker is increased in about 90% of hepatoma patients and is also helpful in diagnosing neural tube defects?
• Clostridial toxin assay is used to detect toxins produced by which organism?
• Which condition is a genetically defective albumin that binds T4 tightly, resulting in increased T4 only?
• Pt with UTI is not responding to antibiotics long term, CT comes back normal. You reconfirm with urinalysis that it's a UTI, and it is— what is the next step?
• Which marker is used for screening of prostate cancer?
• Struma ovarii involves ectopic thyroid tissue located in which organ?
• Deficiencies in B6, B12 and folate are mc non genetic causes of elevated ___________
• Elevated ________ levels are a 5x increased risk for stroke, dementia, and Alzheimer's
• Which enzyme is used to detect and monitor diseases of the liver and bone, with isoenzymes that can differentiate tissue origin?
• GGT can detect which condition and is elevated in approximately 75% of those patients?
• What is the PSA gray zone range?
• Increased ANA is seen in which condition among the listed?
• Which item is listed as a cause of decreased BUN?
• Which marker is elevated in medullary thyroid carcinoma?
• Which carbohydrate antigen exists on the surface of some cancer cells and is used as a tumor marker?
• Which tumor marker is commonly used to monitor ovarian cancer?
• Which enzyme is found predominantly in the liver?
• Glucosuria found in patients on SGLT-2 inhibitors can predispose for which condition?
• Which factor could increase HDL due to genetic factors?
• Approximately what percentage of circulating thyroid hormone is T4?
• Which substance is produced by the body and used as a muscle-building supplement?
• Occult blood testing is a component of stool analysis.
• Nucleic acid tests (NATs) can usually detect HIV infection within how many days after exposure?
• Which item is listed as a cause of increased creatinine clearance?
• Which test is most appropriate for suspected antibiotic-associated diarrhea?
• Hematuria is defined as which finding in the urine?
• Which listing is a simple sugar used for UTI support?
• Which organism is commonly implicated in urinary tract infections detected by nitrite test due to nitrate reduction?
• Which autoimmune diseases can have elevated rheumatoid factor?
• Which marker is not typically part of an arthritic marker panel?
• Calcitonin lowers serum calcium by which mechanism?
• Which HLA allele is associated with celiac disease?
• Troponin timing true statement
• Which marker is commonly elevated in testicular germ cell tumors and used for monitoring?
• Ketonuria can be seen with which dietary patterns?
• Which of the following is NOT listed as a condition that can show increased rheumatoid factor?
• ANA increased is found in approximately 65-80% of patients with which autoimmune disease?
• In alcoholic liver disease, the AST to ALT ratio is typically greater than 2. Which option expresses this?
• Which serologic marker is most closely associated with rheumatoid arthritis and is often positive?
• RBC casts suggest ___________
• Casts most frequently found in infections of the kidney.
• Granular casts are formed by which process?
• Statins can lower Lp(a) levels. True or False?
• Which statement about CEA is true?
• If hematuria is present and menstrual bleeding and UTIs are ruled out, which finding could explain it?
• Non thyroid illnesses that can cause decreased T3 and T4
• Follow-up testing for glucosuria includes which tests?
• Which condition presents with mild unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia due to reduced hepatic conjugation capacity?
• Hypothalamic states causing decreased T3 and T4
• ALT increase in myositis, pancreatitis, MI, mono, and shock is described as which level?
• CEA levels can be elevated by which non-cancer factor?
• Which lipid is transported by VLDLs in the bloodstream and produced in the liver?
• HLA antigens exist on the surface of which cells?
• What test analyzes lymphocyte subtypes to identify immune cell markers?
• GFR is generally expected to decrease with age.
• Which test can differentiate ALP isoenzymes to determine tissue origin?
• Which marker is a protein normally expressed in fetal gut tissue?
• Which statement best describes the impact of heavy exercise and dehydration on kidney function tests?
• Which marker is found in inflamed synovial tissue and directly involved in the pathogenesis of RA?
• Which renal pathology can cause increased TAG levels?
• Which apolipoprotein is the indispensable component and major structural protein of HDL, playing a vital role in reverse cholesterol transport and cellular cholesterol homeostasis?
• Which factor could increase HDL due to lifestyle?
• Primary hypothyroidism such as Hashimoto's or myxedema will have increased TSH
• Which of the following is a cause of decreased triglycerides (TAG)?
• Which enzyme is liver-specific and helps confirm that an elevated ALP is due to liver disease?
• Which oncofetal protein is normally produced by the fetal liver and yolk sac and serves as a tumor marker?
• Normal CD4/CD8 ratio is between _______. People without HIV normally have a higher # of CD4 cells than CD8 cells
• Which is a pathological cause of decreased HDL?
• ALT increase with hepatitis, hepatic necrosis, and hepatic ischemia is described as which level of elevation?
• Binds 75% of cholesterol.
• Which set is included in a thyroid panel with TSH values measured?
• Secondary hypothyroidism is due to dysfunction at which level?
• Which thyroid hormone is the most abundant in circulation?
• Which four factors should be considered in the medical history when assessing Hashimoto's or Graves' disease?
• Which enzyme is described as an intracellular enzyme associated with the hepatobiliary system (and to a lesser extent the pancreas and small intestine)?
• Urine cortisol test is performed for suspected malfunction of which gland?
• Which structure forms part of the upper urinary tract?
• Large numbers of which cells in urine may suggest bladder tumor, infection, or polyps, or glomerulonephritis, but could simply be a result of contamination.
• Which statement about Apo B is true?
• Which antibody is considered more diagnostic for RA than rheumatoid factor?
• Which thyroid marker is most commonly assessed in patients with chronic illness and chronic stress?
• Which condition is a cause of decreased LDL/VLDL?
• Which item is a component of stool analysis?
• Which cardiac marker is used to assess myocardial injury among the listed components?
• Used to detect the progressive depletion of CD4 lymphocytes, associated with increased likelihood of clinical complications from AIDS
• Which external factor is known to increase LDL/VLDL?
• Which cast is usually associated with some proteinuria and tubular stasis?
• Which is more metabolically active: free T3 or free T4?
• Detection of P24 antigen indicates early HIV infection. Which option best describes this?
• Large doses of iodine can cause which change in TSH?
• Ketosis is best described as which of the following?
• Indirect bilirubin increases in which of the following hematologic conditions?
• GGT elevations are most useful as a marker for which conditions?
• Which enzyme is most commonly used as a marker of biliary tract obstruction, often elevated in cholestasis?
• Which kidney pathology is associated with increased LDL/VLDL?
• Fatty casts are most characteristic of which condition?
• Which statement about Lp(a) and statins is supported by data?
• Which condition is most commonly associated with anti-thyroglobulin antibodies?
• Which autoimmune thyroid disease is classically associated with exophthalmos (ophthalmopathy) and dermopathy?
• Lab results of a patient taking SGLT-2 inhibitors could show which finding?
• Increased maternal AFP levels are associated with which fetal condition?
• Which autoimmune thyroid disease is characterized by diffuse thyroid hyperplasia, ophthalmopathy, and dermopathy?
• Which molecule is required for production of steroids, sex hormones, bile acids, and cell membranes?
• High carbohydrate diet, stress, and a high cholesterol diet are associated with which change in cholesterol?
• Nocturnal polyuria is associated with which condition?
• Which CPK isoenzyme is primarily found in skeletal muscle?
• Triglycerides (TAGs) are the lipid form produced in the liver and carried in the bloodstream by which mechanism?
• Which condition is listed as a cause of mild ketonuria not associated with glucosuria?
• Which marker is listed as part of lipid panel and cardiac test components to assess inflammation and cardiovascular risk?
• Which item is listed as a cause of increased BUN in the first listed group?
• Most causes of RBCs in the urine are due to which condition?
• Direct bilirubin increase is seen in extensive liver metastasis, gallstones, and Rotors syndrome.
• Which statement best describes Gilbert syndrome?
• Stool culture and sensitivity is indicated in patients who have which symptom?
• Which kind of hypothyroidism causes decreased TSH?
• Which statement about cranberry's effect on urine is true?
• A low urine pH is acidic; which value below represents the acidic threshold?
• Nitrituria refers to the presence of which substance in urine?
• Which CPK isoenzyme is associated with skeletal muscle injury?
• Men have higher GGT concentrations due to an additional amount in which organ?
• Elevated levels of ________ may act as independent risk factor for: IHD, CVD, PAD
• In metastatic breast cancer, which tumor markers are elevated?
• Which two situations can temporarily affect GFR and creatinine measurements?
• Accumulation of which particle in the tunica intima triggers onset of atherosclerosis, and can rupture to cause thrombosis leading to MI or stroke?
• Which thyroid condition presents as a goiter that may cause dysphagia and can compress large neck vessels?
• Presence of five or more white blood cells indicates a UTI involving the bladder or kidney. What is this threshold per high power field?
• A patient with anti-thyroglobulin antibodies and a recent viral infection could have which condition?
• Which isoenzyme is primarily found in skeletal muscle that is part of the CK family?
• Which symptoms are predominant in Clostridium difficile colitis?
• Uric acid crystals in urine are commonly associated with high serum uric acid levels such as which condition?
• 5'-Nucleotidase is included in hepatic panel as a marker of cholestasis.
• Chronic renal disease is associated with which urine specific gravity pattern?
• Which of the following is not a listed cause of increased BUN?
• Which lipid is most associated with arteriosclerotic vascular disease?
• Which option correctly lists components commonly included in an arthritic marker panel?
• Which measurement is most affected by thyroid-binding proteins unless corrected?
• Which measurement indicates the biologically active pool of thyroid hormone in serum?
• Which condition is classically associated with increased ALP due to bone turnover?
• Which class of molecules is involved in binding lipoproteins to lipoprotein receptors at the cell surface, thereby facilitating lipid uptake by cells?
• Which measurement is commonly used to assess kidney function by evaluating clearance?
• In addition to cholesterol production inhibition, statins also inhibit production of which molecule?
• Increased levels of which enzyme are commonly seen with bone healing (fractures)?
• Predominant carriers of TAGs.
• Proliferation of thyrocytes is seen in which thyroid condition?
• Which external source decreases HDL levels?
• Skin tags and Anthracosis nigricans are associated with:
• ALP can be positive in which autoimmune condition?
• Which lab pattern is characteristic of acute kidney failure?
• Indirect bilirubin increases in which condition?
• Which antibodies are measured in thyroid antibody testing?
• An enzyme that is primarily intracellular and located in the hepatobiliary system is described as which of the following?
• The liver increases cholesterol synthesis in response to spikes of which hormone?
• Which item is listed as a cause of decreased BUN?
• Which condition is defined as a solitary hyperfunctioning thyroid nodule causing hyperthyroidism?
• Stool culture and sensitivity is especially indicated for which exposures?
• Which marker is elevated for medullary thyroid carcinoma and used to monitor disease?
• Interstitial cystitis is best described as
• LAP is included in hepatic panel.
• Waxy casts are associated with which renal condition?
• Which factor can cause an apparent increase in total T4 by elevating TBG?
• Which of the following is not a typical symptom of chronic kidney failure?
• What daily supplement in the range of 200-300 mcg reduces TPO-Ab and should be continued?
• Which biomarker is traditionally used to support a diagnosis of RA but is less specific than anti-CCP?
• Pyuria is best described as the presence of which in urine?
• Common side effects of this diabetes drug include which of the following symptoms?
• Which symptom is typical of chronic kidney failure?
• Which of the following is NOT listed as a supplemental support for UTIs?
• Ketones are the end product of which metabolic process?
• ANA is sensitive for which disease?
• Which HIV type is primarily present in West Africa and slowly starting to appear in other regions?
• Which HIV test looks for the actual virus in blood and is typically very expensive, used for high risk exposures?
• Which test detects the virus itself rather than antibodies?
• Which enzyme participates in transfer of amino acids and peptides across cell membranes and possibly participates in glutathione metabolism?
• Which two markers are elevated in metastatic breast cancer in about 80% and 65% of cases, respectively?
• Hashimoto's thyroiditis is commonly described as gradual thyroid failure; which description best matches its course?
• To calculate insuTAG, which two values are multiplied?
• Failure of which biomarker to normalize may indicate ongoing damage to heart tissue?
• ELISA works in a window period of how many days after exposure before antibodies are detected?
• Long-term glycemic control is best assessed by which test?
• Which marker is used primarily to detect ovarian cancer?
• Clostridial toxin assay is indicated in diarrhea patients who have been taking antibiotics for more than 5 days or are immunosuppressed.
• Which statement best describes casts in urine testing?
• One reason other than heart injury, why troponin can be elevated
• Elevated rheumatoid factor can be seen in which autoimmune diseases?
• HLA-B27 is NOT commonly associated with which condition?
• What thyroid tests will be decreased due to hepatic disease
• Drug metabolic products exist longer in which specimen than in the blood?
• Which biomarker is used to monitor therapy and predict recurrences in medullary thyroid cancer?
• Causes of increased lymphocytes
• Which sampling approach is listed for creatinine clearance to assess GFR?
• What is the purpose of performing urine culture and sensitivity in UTIs?
• Direct bilirubin increases in which of the following conditions?
• Which drug class is associated with glucosuria as a mechanism?
• Which test is the most widely used and least expensive serologic test for HIV/AIDS, detecting antibodies rather than antigens?
• Pt with UTI who is not responding to antibiotics, but you know it is a bacterial UTI— what is the next step?
• Useful in detection of acute MI
• Which of the following is NOT a situation that could increase HDL levels?
• Which statement best describes decreased creatinine clearance?
• A large proportion of T3 is formed in which organ?
• B vitamins can turn urine what color?
• Indirect bilirubin increases in which neonatal condition?
• Which lipoprotein particle primarily carries dietary triglycerides from the intestine?
• Which tests are used to assess T4 levels?
• CA 19-9 is especially seen in which types of cancers?
• Glucosuria is the presence of glucose in urine and is commonly seen with which condition?
• Which statement best describes HDL?
• ELISA detects HIV antibodies, not antigens. Which component does it detect?
• Which acute phase reactant is used to indicate inflammatory illness?
• Troponin is elevated as early as ________ after myocardial injury
• Ketonuria can be seen with alcoholism and starvation (other than diabetes). Which pair is correct?
• Increased HCG is commonly associated with hydatidiform mole, choriocarcinoma, and germ cell tumors. Which condition is NOT typically associated with increased HCG?
• Secondary hypothyroidism results from deficiency of which hormone?
• Pituitary insufficiency causing decreased T3 and T4
• Lead and other heavy metals are classified as which in urinalysis?
• Which of the following is a common adverse effect of sulfonylureas?
• Which apolipoprotein serves as the primary ligand for the LDL receptor?
• Which liver pathology is associated with increased LDL/VLDL?
• Crigler-Najjar syndrome results in elevation of which form of bilirubin?
• Increased T3 and T4 due to self-administered thyroid meds for weight loss indicates which condition?
• Which condition is a toxic multinodular goiter often called?
• Which tests are used to assess T3 levels?
• Which set represents a standard component of renal function testing?
• For suspected Clostridium difficile colitis, which test should be ordered?
• Which lipid ratio is used on some panels: Chol/HDL ratio, LDL/HDL ratio, TG/HDL ratio, or Total Chol/Total HDL?
• Which enzyme is a marker of hepatocellular injury and is included in hepatic panel?
• Causes of decreased lymphocytes
• In conditions where thyroxine-binding globulin (TBG) is increased, which measurement best reflects active thyroid status?
• Which item is listed as a cause of increased BUN in the early group that relates to kidney function?
• Which test is an indirect measure of T3?
• Glucosuria is NOT normally present.
• Occult blood testing is part of the physical examination, especially in patients over 50 with abdominal pain.
• Which apolipoprotein is the primary apolipoprotein and carrier of chylomicrons, Low-Density Lipoprotein, Very Low-Density Lipoprotein, and Intermediate-Density Lipoprotein?
• Low cholesterol levels can be a sign of dysfunction in which organ?
• BUN is a test for renal and _______ Function
• What thyroid labs will not be affected by protein malnutrition?
• In hyperthyroid states, which hormones are typically elevated?
• ALT elevations in cirrhosis, cholestasis, hepatic tumor, hepatotoxic drugs, obstructive jaundice, severe burns, and trauma to striated muscle are described as which level?
• Which test is most commonly used as an indirect measure of renal function and GFR?
• Which infection is listed in the same material context as autoimmune findings?
• Hypothyroid states causing decreased T3 and T4?
• Decreased maternal AFP levels are associated with which condition among the listed?
• RF stands for which of the following?
• Which urinalysis findings together strongly suggest a urinary tract infection?
• Which urinalysis finding is commonly associated with a urinary tract infection?
• Which term describes a group of protein antibodies that react against cellular material?
• Where is the highest concentration of gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) found?
• Which supplement below is a bearberry-derived product used for UTIs?
• Which tumor marker is used to determine extent of disease and prognosis in cancer, especially GI or breast?
• Which item is listed as a cause of increased BUN in the third group?
• Urinary tract infections are referred to as which terms in the lower urinary tract and in the kidneys?
• Which statement about urine pH and stone types is true?
• CA 19-9 is a tumor marker most commonly associated with which cancer?
• Creatinine levels are most influenced by which factor?
• Which statement about creatine and creatinine is true?
• Which statement best describes anti-CCP antibodies?
• In hepatocellular disease other than viral hepatitis, the ALT/AST ratio is typically:
• Which enzyme is commonly used as a marker of biliary tract obstruction (cholestasis)?
• Which biomarker is most specific for cardiac muscle injury?
• Which pregnancy outcome is associated with increased HCG, according to the listed data?
• Specific indicator of cardiac m injury and is helpful in predicting possibility of future cardiac events
• Which lipid parameter is considered one of the best markers for impending diabetes?
• Which item is listed as a cause of increased BUN in the second group?
• Which test is used to screen for diseases that target the nucleus?
• Home specimen collection kits can detect HIV-1 antibodies in which combination of specimens?
• CRP is elevated in which of the following?
• Which combination best represents components often tested in arthritic marker panels?
• In congenital cretinism, which statement best describes TSH levels?
• In a set of conditions including glycogen storage disease, hyperlipidemia, hypothyroidism, and poorly controlled diabetes, which lipid parameter is increased?
• ALT increase in myositis, pancreatitis, MI, mono, and shock is described as which level?
• Elevated homocysteine is strongly associated with polymorphisms in which gene?
• High urine pH predisposes to which stones?
• Which parameter is NOT listed as an algorithm factor for creatinine clearance?
• Which marker is commonly elevated in ovarian cancer and used for monitoring therapy?
• Which autoimmune thyroid disease is most associated with anti-thyroid peroxidase antibodies?
• Which circumstance could lead to large numbers of epithelial cells in urine aside from disease?
• Which test would be most useful for detecting HIV infection before seroconversion?
• Factitious hyperthyroidism is most often due to which practice?
• Which marker is used to monitor colorectal and other GI cancers, and is elevated in colorectal cancer?
• If both of the following antibodies are positive this is about 99% diagnostic of RA:
• An antigen/antibody test performed by a lab on blood from a vein can usually detect HIV ________ days after exposure?
• Ketonuria is the presence of which substance in urine?
• Which enzyme is commonly used as a marker of cholestasis and included in hepatic panel?
• What is the primary clinical use of HCG besides diagnosing pregnancy?
• Which antibody appears early in the course of rheumatoid arthritis and is present in most patients with RA?
• Apo B is not found in which lipoprotein?
• Levothyroxine is a form of which thyroid hormone?
• Antigen to HIV that is produced even before antibodies are developed is which antigen?
• Which dietary change can help reduce oxidized LDL?
• Which protein is used to detect and monitor multiple myeloma and is found in 75% of MM patients?
• -used to dx renal fxn - related to muscle mass and excreted by kidneys
• Acute kidney failure may present with signs resembling which common urinary condition?
• Which diet could cause high TAGs?
• Which pattern of thyroid values is typically seen in states such as starvation, severe trauma, and chronic stress?
• Which enzyme is commonly elevated in cholestasis and biliary obstruction, aiding differentiation from bone-related ALP?
• Indirect bilirubin increases in which newborn condition?
• Creatinine clearance is used to measure which of the following?
• An elevated TSI level greater than 140 indicates which thyroid condition?
• In acute kidney failure, eGFR is typically below what value?
• Which antibody test is increased in lupus?
• Increased ALP can be a normal finding in which of the following?
• Which components are included in the lipid panel and cardiac test components?
• HLA-B27 is most strongly associated with which condition?
• Phosphate and calcium oxalate crystals in urine occur with which abnormalities?
• What TSH pattern is typically seen in hyperthyroidism?
• Which thyroid-related condition is associated with increased HDL?
• Severe and chronic illness can cause which change in TSH?
• What does anti-CCP positivity imply about RA prognosis?
• Destruction of thyrocytes is seen in which thyroid condition?
• Which parameter is used to assess non-cholesterol cardiovascular risk and is included in broader cardiac risk testing?
• Which set of substances is included in the lipid panel components?
• Which of the following best defines the gray-zone PSA level requiring further investigation?
• Which CPK isoenzyme is elevated with myocardial or severe skeletal muscle injury?
• In Hashimoto's or Graves' disease, which set of conditions should be evaluated?
• Which statement best describes the primary purpose of toxicology testing?
• Which statement best describes PSA in the context of cancer screening?
• ALT elevation associated with hepatitis and hepatic necrosis is described as which level?
• P24 antigen is an HIV antigen detectable before antibodies develop. Which statement is true?
• What is the most common type of HIV?
• Which lipoprotein is most associated with reverse cholesterol transport?
• Which option best describes lifestyle changes recommended to reduce chronic UTIs?
• PSA level indicating a high probability of prostate cancer is?
• Increased creatinine clearance causes include which of the following?
• What transports cholesterol in the blood?
• Which form of bilirubin is water soluble?
• Which result is not typically associated with Clostridium difficile colitis?
• Which marker is used for screening and monitoring prostate cancer?
• Which test is used to monitor immune status by counting T-cell subsets in HIV patients?
• Which liver-related condition is listed in the material?
• Which CPK isoenzyme is associated with brain and lung injury?
• Which probiotic is included as a supplemental support for UTIs?
• Which of the following can contribute to increased oxidized LDL?
• Which substances are common toxins detected in urinalysis?
• Glucosuria in patients using SGLT-2 inhibitors can predispose to which condition?
• Creatinine is a waste product produced by muscle from breakdown of which compound?
• Which medication class is associated with the need for a clostridial toxin assay due to increased risk of Clostridium difficile?
• If bilirubin is elevated due to red blood cell lysis, which bilirubin fraction is elevated?
• The presence of crystals in urine most strongly implies which of the following?
• ALT increase with cirrhosis, cholestasis, hepatic tumor, hepatotoxic drugs, obstructive jaundice, severe burns, and trauma to striated muscle is described as which level?
• Glucosuria occurs when blood glucose is at least ____x normal (70-100).
• Which enzyme is found in high concentrations in tissues with high metabolic activity such as the heart, liver, and skeletal muscle?
• Which lipoprotein is predominantly protein with a small amount of cholesterol and binds about 25% of cholesterol?
• Increased levels of thyroid hormones inhibit the further production of which hormones?
• Which statement about RF during RA remission is true?
• Which statement about SGLT-2 inhibitors and glucosuria is true?
• Which condition can present as a painless thyroid mass and is associated with hyperthyroidism?
• Which external factor is listed as a cause of decreased HDL?
• A normal TSI level suggests which thyroid condition?
• CA 19-9 is most helpful for monitoring treatment of which group of cancers?